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Description
Architects of TerrorCondition: BRAND NEW ISBN: 9780008522155 Format: B format paperback Year: 2024 Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers Description: A TIMES HISTORY BOOK OF THE YEAR From the preeminent historian of 20th century Spain Paul Preston, Architects of Terror is a new history of how paranoia, conspiracy and anti Semitism was used to justify the military coup of 1936 and enabled the construction of a dictatorship built on violence and persecution. It is the
Condition: BRAND NEWISBN: 9780008522155
Format: B-format paperback
Year: 2024
Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers
Description:
A TIMES HISTORY BOOK OF THE YEAR
From the preeminent historian of 20th century Spain Paul Preston, Architects of Terror is a new history of how paranoia, conspiracy and anti-Semitism was used to justify the military coup of 1936 and enabled the construction of a dictatorship built on violence and persecution.
It is the previously untold story of how antisemitic beliefs were weaponised to justify and propagate the Franco overthrow of liberal Spain.
The Spanish military coup of 1936 was launched to overturn the social and economic reforms of the democratic Second Republic, and its educational and cultural challenges to the established order. The consequent civil war was fought in the interests of the landowners, industrialists, bankers, clerics and army officers whose privileges were threatened. However, a central justification for a war that took the lives of around 500,000 Spaniards was that it was being fought to combat an alleged scheme for world domination by a non-existent ‘Jewish- Masonic-Bolshevik Conspiracy’. Despite the fact that Spain had only a tiny minority of Jews and Freemasons, Franco and his inner circle were ardent believers in this fabricated conspiracy and spread the notion that the survival of Catholic Spain, as well, of course, of the establishment ’ s economic interests, required the total annihilation of Jews and Freemasons.
Architects of Terror is the story of how fake news, mendacity, corruption and nostalgia for lost empire generated violence and hatred. The book presents vivid portraits of the key ideologues who propagated the myth of the Jewish-Masonic-Bolshevik Conspiracy
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★★★★★ 5
Great for tug of war
Pattern Name: Checkered
Dog loves them. Best tug of war toy yet. Pretty we’ll indestructible
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Reviewed in the United States on January 2, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Great Dane Tested and Approved 5 Star
Pattern Name: Checkered, Pattern Name: Checkered
A picture is worth a thousand words applies to this product, as you will see in the attached photos these stand up to the abuse of a Great Dane. He has dragged me around the yard for hours already with this in his mouth and the stretchy handle keeps it shape.
This ball is a little firmer than others of these I have had in the past, which helps exercise his giant jaw. I could get a few weeks out of the other brands I have bought. This brand is still like new well past the time others have failed. I will be ordering more as my French Mastiff is interested in one of his own (the boys do not like to share toys - most dog guardians understand).
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Reviewed in the United States on August 29, 2024
★★★★★ 4
Holding up well.
Pattern Name: Checkered
Seems to be holding up to my aggressive chewer. I have it hanging from a tree branch and she loves leaping to get it! Buying another pair so she has a greater selection around the backyard.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 3, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Good quality
Pattern Name: Checkered
10/10 my dog lovessss and she chews through everything but they last daily tug of war, I don’t let her sit and chew on it thought I only use it outside
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Reviewed in the United States on May 28, 2026
★★★★★ 1
Cheap Never again
Pattern Name: Star, Pattern Name: Star
Cheap product. Returned immediately. My shitzu is over a year & a similar toy from the Dollar Tree lasted longer than 6 months. This item lasted 1 hour of receiving.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 14, 2025